神经鞘源性肿瘤饮食指南：支持治疗与营养管理

一、饮食核心原则

1. 均衡营养原则

   • 高蛋白（支持组织修复）

   • 低脂肪（饱和脂肪＜10%总热量）

   • 丰富维生素和矿物质

   • 充足水分（每日2000-2500ml）

2. 热量控制

   • 根据体重和活动水平调整，避免营养不良或过剩

   • 癌症患者可能需要增加热量摄入以应对代谢需求

二、推荐食物清单

三、必须限制的食物

1. 绝对禁忌

   • 酒精饮品（干扰治疗和恢复）

   • 加工食品和高糖零食

   • 高盐食物（可能加重水肿）

2. 严格限制

   • 红肉和加工肉类（每周≤2次）

   • 油炸食品（增加炎症风险）

   • 含糖饮料（替代为水或 herbal tea）

四、七日参考食谱

早餐：全麦燕麦粥 with berries and a boiled egg
加餐：Greek yogurt with nuts
午餐：Grilled chicken salad with olive oil dressing and whole grain bread
晚餐：Baked fish with steamed vegetables and quinoa

烹饪TIP：

• 优先选择蒸、烤、煮 methods

• 使用 herbs and spices for flavor instead of salt

• 确保食物 safety to prevent infections

五、关键营养素补充

1. 维生素D： sunlight exposure or supplements (consult doctor)

2. Omega-3脂肪酸： from fish or supplements (may reduce inflammation)

3. 抗氧化剂： vitamins C and E from fruits and vegetables

4. 纤维： for digestive health, from whole grains and veggies

六、特殊人群调整

1. undergoing treatment：

   • may need softer foods if mouth sores occur

   • increase protein intake during chemotherapy

2. with weight loss：

   • focus on calorie-dense foods like nuts and avocados

   • consider nutritional supplements if needed

3. post-surgery：

   • easy-to-digest foods to aid recovery

   • monitor for any specific dietary restrictions from doctor

七、饮食误区澄清

❌ 误区1: "特定食物可以治愈肿瘤"
✅ 真相: 饮食支持治疗但不能替代 medical care

❌ 误区2: "需要极端 diets like keto"
✅ 真相: balanced nutrition is key, consult healthcare provider

❌ 误区3: "skip meals to starve the tumor"
✅ 真相: proper nutrition helps the body fight disease

效果监测：
Regular check-ups with healthcare team to assess:

• weight stability

• blood tests for nutrients

• overall energy levels

注意事项：

• always follow medical advice for individual conditions

• be cautious with supplements; discuss with doctor

• maintain hydration, especially if on certain medications

A tailored diet can help manage symptoms and support overall health during treatment for nerve sheath tumors. Work closely with a dietitian for personalized plans.